Did you know that where a baby is born can affect their chances of surviving their first year of life? A huge study looking at more than 18 million births across the U.S. found that infants born in counties with little or no access to maternity care—things like local obstetric hospitals, birth centers, and doctors—had a much higher risk of infant mortality than those born in areas with full access. That means simply living in a county without maternity services can make a life-or-death difference for newborns.
The study also uncovered some major inequalities. Babies born in counties with no maternity care had up to a 14% higher risk of dying before their first birthday, and for some racial and ethnic groups, the risk was even higher. For example, American Indian, Alaska Native, and Black infants had the highest mortality rates—even in counties that had full maternity resources. This shows that access is important, but it’s not the whole story. Deeper social and economic inequalities still shape health outcomes.
Researchers say this isn’t just a medical issue—it’s a community issue. They argue that expanding maternity care is essential, but it must go hand-in-hand with improving the living conditions, support systems, and healthcare environments for families. It’s about making sure every baby has the same chance to thrive, no matter where they live or what background they come from.
This study shines a spotlight on an important truth: Healthy communities build healthy families. When we invest in accessible healthcare, reduce inequality, and support parents, we give every child the strong start they deserve
